CREW
4 - Commander, gunner, loader, driver
MANUFACTURER
BAE Systems Land Systems
OPERATOR
British Army and Oman Army
IN-SERVICE DATE
1998
LENGTH
8.3m
WIDTH
3.5m
LENGTH WITH GUN FORWARD
11.5m
HEIGHT
2.5m
WEIGHT
62,500kg
GUNS
1 x 120mm, model L30 gun
1 x 7.62 mm chain gun
1 x 7.62mm, model L37A2 anti-aircraft gun
SPEED - ROAD
59km/h
SPEED - CROSS COUNTRY
40km/h
RANGE - ROAD
450km
RANGE - CROSS COUNTRY
250km
Challenger 2 is a serious primary fight tank worked by BAE Systems Land Systems (some time ago Vickers Defense Systems, at that point Alvis Vickers Ltd).
The tank is in administration with the British Army and with the Royal Army of Oman. The UK put orders for 127 Challenger 2 tanks in 1991 and an extra 259 out of 1994. In 1993 Oman requested 18 Challenger 2 tanks and a request for a further 20 tanks was set in November 1997.
The Ministry of Defense (MOD) granted an agreement to BAE Systems and Rheinmetall Land Systeme for propelling the Challenger 2 Life Extension Project, which looks to expand the unavailable date of the tanks by ten years.
BAE Systems revealed a completely overhauled variation of the Challenger 2 MBT, known as Black Night, in October 2018.Dark Night is outfitted with two autonomous night vision frameworks to give improved night battling ability.
Challenger 2 main battle tank development
Challenger 2 fundamental fight tank entered administration with the British Army in June 1998 and the remainder of the 386 tanks was conveyed in April 2002. Conveyances for Oman were finished in 2001. Challenger 2 has seen operational assistance in Bosnia and Kosovo. English Army Challenger 2 tanks were sent on dynamic help in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
In July 2004, the UK Ministry of Defense declared designs for a decrease of seven Challenger 2 reinforced units (around 100 tanks) by March 2007 and the difference in function of one Challenger 2 regiment to a protected observation regiment.
Challenger 2E, the most recent improvement model, has been intended for the fare market and is appropriate for cruel ecological and climactic conditions. The 2E has been widely tested in Greece, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
Challenger 2 main battle tank armament
Challenger 2 is furnished with a L30, 120mm rifled tank firearm from BAE Systems Land Systems (once RO Defense). In January 2004, Land Systems was granted an agreement to build up another smoothbore 120mm weapon for the British Army Challenger tanks. Under the agreement, a Challenger 2 has been outfitted with the Rheinmetall L55 smoothbore weapon, as fitted on the Leopard 2A6 tank, and started discharging preliminaries in January 2006.
The L30 weapon is produced using electro-slag refined steel (ESR) and is protected with a warm sleeve. It is fitted with a gag reference framework and smoke extraction. The turret is fit for 360° pivot and the weapon rise go is from - 10° to 20°.
There is limit with regards to 50 120mm shots, including protection penetrating blade settled disposing of sabot (APFSDS), high-touchy squash head (HESH) or smoke adjusts. The L30 weapon can likewise shoot the exhausted uranium (DU) round with a stick charge fuel. With the DU round, the L30 is essential for the Charm 3 firearm, charge and shot framework.
The firearm control is given by an all-electric weapon control and adjustment framework from BAE Systems. Challenger 2 is likewise furnished with a Boeing 7.62mm chain weapon, which is situated to one side of the principle tank firearm. The loader has a 7.62mm GPMG L37A2 against air assault rifle, mounted on the vault.
Self-protection
The turret is secured with second era Chobham shield. An atomic, organic and compound (NBC) security framework is situated in the turret clamor. On each side of the turret are five L8 smoke projectile dischargers, from Thales AFV Systems Ltd (some time ago Helio Mirror Company).
Challenger 2 can likewise set a distraction by the infusion of diesel fuel into the motor depletes.
Fire control and perception
The computerized fire control PC is created by Computing Devices Company (presently General Dynamics – Canada). General Dynamics UK is providing the stage front line data framework application (PBISA) for the British Army Challenger 2 tanks. PBISA incorporates the officer's presentation, inertial route framework, digitisation preparing PC and driver's showcase board. Land Systems is liable for framework combination and a portion of the product. PBISA entered administration in December 2005.
English Army Challenger 2 tanks are being fitted with the Bowman strategic, advanced interchanges framework. Prime contractual worker for Bowman is General Dynamics UK. Bowman gives secure voice and information correspondences and programmed area of units. Challenger tanks fitted with the framework were sent to Iraq in mid 2006.
The officer has an all encompassing VS 580-10 gyrostabilised sight from SAGEM (earlier SFIM Industries).
A laser rangefinder is fused into a moderate gathering. Rise go is 35° to - 35°. The leader's station is outfitted with eight periscopes which give 360° vision.
The warm perception and gunnery sight II (TOGS II), from Thales (some time ago Pilkington) Optronics, gives night vision. The sensor depends on UK TICM 2 basic modules. The warm picture, with amplification ×4 and ×11.5 is shown in the heavy armament specialist's and leader's sights and screens. The heavy armament specialist has a Thales Optronics settled Gunner's Primary Sight, comprising of visual channel, 4Hz laser rangefinder and show. The laser rangefinder has a scope of 200m to 10km.
The driver is outfitted with a picture increasing detached driving periscope (PDP) from Thales Optronics, for late night driving.
Challenger 2 lethality improvement programme
The Challenger lethality improvement program means to overhaul the principle firearm of Challenger 2 from its present 120mm L30A1 rifled weapon to the 120mm Rheinmetall L55 smoothbore firearm as of now utilized by the Leopard 2 A6.
The utilization of a smooth bore permits Challenger 2 to utilize more deadly adjusts created in Germany and the US.
Propulsion
The Challenger 2 has a 12-chamber, 1,200hp Perkins Caterpillar CV12 diesel motor and a David Brown TN54 gearbox, with six forward and two opposite apparatuses. Second-age Hydrogas suspension and water driven track tensioner are fitted. The greatest speed by street is 59km/h and 40km/h crosscountry. The range is given as 450km by street and 250km crosscountry.
Challenger 2E
Challenger 2E has another coordinated weapon control and front line the board framework, which incorporates a gyrostabilised all encompassing SAGEM MVS multi day/warm sight for the administrator and SAGEM SAVAN 15 gyrostabilised day/warm sight for the heavy armament specialist, both with eyesafe laser rangefinder. This permits tracker/executioner tasks with a typical commitment grouping. A discretionary servo-controlled overhead weapons stage can be slaved to the administrator's sight to permit activity free from the turret.
The powerpack has been supplanted with another 1,500hp Europack with transitionally mounted MTU 883 diesel motor coupled to Renk HSWL 295TM programmed transmission. The littler however more impressive motor permits more space for fuel stockpiling, expanding the vehicle's range to 550km.
Armoured vehicle support transformation (AVST) programme
In September 2009, the UK MoD Investment Approvals Board gave the go-ahead to BAE Systems to frame a scheme for the Challenger tank fleet that would reduce costs by over 10%.The plan likewise stretches out to other protected vehicle armadas in administration with the British Army under the heavily clad vehicle uphold change (AVST) program. The key target of the plan is to give improved accessibility of extra parts and specialized help to the UK MoD's armada of reinforced vehicles.
An armada of Titan and Trojan architect tanks, a CRARRV recuperation vehicle, a Challenger primary fight tank and the driver preparing tank are secured under the agreement.
In phase one, BAE Systems implements improvements in areas such as needs-based maintenance, base repair and overhaul process, obsolescence management, and technical advice and guidance on key sub-systems.
.In stage two, BAE Systems centers around mix of the safeguard lines of advancement in regions including client and coach motivators, combination of material, labor and offices arranging and better armada the executives.
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